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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
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1. |
Sponges are filter feeders.
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2. |
Sponges are capable of total regeneration, even from the smallest pieces of their bodies.
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3. |
Polyps are a body form of cnidarians that are specialized for swimming.
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4. |
Cnidarians are characterized by stinging nematocysts.
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5. |
The life cycle of anthozoans includes medusae, planulae, and polyps.
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6. |
Ctenophores lack a nervous system that coordinates their activities, so their movements are erratic.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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7. |
Refer to the illustration above. Which organism in the diagrams is most closely related to a jellyfish?
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a.
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Organism “A”
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c.
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Organism “C”
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b.
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Organism “B”
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d.
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Organism “D”
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8. |
Spicules are
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a.
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flexible protein fibers.
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b.
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hard needle-like structures in the wall of a sponge.
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c.
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similar to seeds; a complete sponge can grow from each spicule.
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d.
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used for taking in food and water.
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9. |
Skeletal support in sponges may be provided by
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a.
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spicules of calcium carbonate.
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c.
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spongin fibers.
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b.
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spicules of silicon dioxide.
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d.
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All of the above
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10. |
Sponges obtain food
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a.
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by photosynthesis.
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b.
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by using their spicules to paralyze protozoa.
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c.
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by filtering small organisms from the water.
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d.
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with spongin.
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11. |
In sponges, currents that draw water through the organism are created by
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a.
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amoebocytes.
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c.
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gemmules.
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b.
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collar cells.
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d.
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spicules.
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12. |
Hermaphroditic organisms
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a.
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reproduce only by asexual means.
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b.
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produce both eggs and sperm.
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c.
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have gemmules that are fertilized by amoebocytes.
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d.
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possess only male amoebocytes.
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13. |
Sponges can reproduce
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a.
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by the budding of new sponges from the parent.
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b.
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by a breakup of the original parent into fragments that each become a new sponge.
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c.
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sexually, using the production of sperm and eggs.
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d.
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All of the above
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14. |
freshwater sponges : gemmules ::
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a.
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hermaphrodites : eggs and sperm
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c.
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gemmules : sperms
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b.
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gemmules : eggs
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d.
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amoebocytes : eggs
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15. |
Refer to the illustration above. Which organism in the diagrams captures its prey using nematocysts?
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a.
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Organism “A”
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c.
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Organism “C”
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b.
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Organism “B”
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d.
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Organism “D”
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16. |
The outer cell layer of a cnidarian is the
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a.
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ectoderm.
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c.
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endoderm.
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b.
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mesoglea.
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d.
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epidermis.
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17. |
The phylum Cnidaria includes all of the following except
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a.
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jellyfish.
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c.
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sea anemones.
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b.
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squids.
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d.
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corals.
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18. |
Sea anemones are
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a.
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medusae.
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c.
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larvae.
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b.
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polyps.
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d.
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eggs.
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The diagram below illustrates the life cycle of the jellyfish.
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19. |
Refer to the illustration above. Which stage is called a planula?
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a.
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Stage “1”
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c.
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Stage “3”
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b.
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Stage “2”
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d.
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None of the above
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20. |
Anthozoans include organisms known as
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a.
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jellyfish.
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c.
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Portuguese men-of-war.
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b.
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hydras.
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d.
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sea anemones and corals.
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