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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
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1. |
Gram-negative bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan that stains purple.
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2. |
Bacteria lack nuclei and therefore also lack genetic material.
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3. |
Bacterial cells have membrane-bound organelles and chromosomes.
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4. |
Bacterial cells are usually much larger than eukaryotic cells.
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5. |
Bacteria are incapable of movement themselves; they can only get to new locations by growing toward them or by forming endospores and being carried in air or water.
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6. |
Some bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
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7. |
When bacteria undergo nonreproductive genetic recombination, their bacterial chromosome is altered.
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8. |
Certain antibiotics have become ineffective against certain strains of bacteria. These bacteria have developed a resistance, which may be passed on from one generation of bacteria to the next.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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9. |
The earliest known group of living organisms on Earth was
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a.
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viruses.
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c.
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bacteria.
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b.
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fungi.
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d.
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protists.
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10. |
Bacteria are the only organisms characterized as
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a.
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unicellular.
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c.
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eukaryotic.
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b.
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prokaryotic.
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d.
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photosynthetic.
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11. |
Bacteria can be classified according to their
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a.
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type of cell walls.
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c.
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Gram-staining characteristics.
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b.
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methods of obtaining energy.
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d.
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All of the above
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12. |
Refer to the illustration above. Which of the diagrams has a shape like the Bacillus bacterial genus?
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a.
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Organism “A”
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c.
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Organism “C”
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b.
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Organism “B”
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d.
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None of the above
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13. |
When tested with a Gram stain, gram-positive bacteria are stained
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a.
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green.
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c.
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pink.
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b.
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yellow.
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d.
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purple.
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14. |
It is important to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in diagnosing a bacterial infection because
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a.
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Gram-negative bacteria do not respond to many antibiotics.
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b.
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Gram-positive bacteria never cause fatal diseases.
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c.
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Gram-positive bacteria destroy antibiotics, preventing them from working.
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d.
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Gram-positive bacteria respond to many antibiotics.
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15. |
Refer to the illustration above. If the bacterium in the diagram is Gram-negative, what two types of molecules would be found in the structure labeled “B”?
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a.
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protein and lipids
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c.
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polysaccharides and lipids
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b.
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protein and polysaccharides
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d.
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nucleic acid and lipids
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16. |
Which of the following comparisons is incorrect?
PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES
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a.
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smaller larger
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b.
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circular chromosomes linear chromosomes
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c.
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binary fission mitosis
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d.
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chloroplasts mitochondria
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17. |
Structures found in a eukaryotic cell but not in a bacterial cell are
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a.
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cell nuclei.
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c.
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membrane-bound organelles.
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b.
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chromosomes.
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d.
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All of the above
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18. |
Cell organelles that E. coli and other bacteria have in common with eukaryotes are
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a.
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chloroplasts.
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c.
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nuclei.
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b.
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mitochondria.
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d.
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ribosomes.
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19. |
Which of the following conditions would be unsuitable for any kind of bacteria to grow?
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a.
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temperature of 110ºC (230ºF)
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c.
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pH of 5
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b.
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absence of water
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d.
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absence of oxygen
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20. |
Which of the following is a fermentation product of bacteria?
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a.
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ricotta cheese
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c.
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yogurt
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b.
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ice cream
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d.
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cottage cheese
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