1st Semester Test Review 2004-05

 

First Semester Review  2004-05      

 

What are the smallest units that can carry on life functions called?
Living things are composed of ______________.
Give an example of a scientific observation.
What is a hypothesis?
What 3 things compose an atom?
Matter is made of ________________.
When atoms gain energy, what happens to electrons?
Do  cells contain a few or thousands of different kinds of enzymes?
__________________ reactions are important in organisms because they allow the passage of energy from one molecule to another.
What is a polar molecule?
Water molecules break up other polar substances. Give an example of such a polar molecule.
What happens to ionic compounds in water?
Which is not a carbohydrate —– glycogen, steroids, cellulose, or sugars?
Amino acids are the monomers for making ________________.
Is ice an example of an organic molecule?
The type & order of the amino acids determines the ___________ of a protein.
Very active cells need more of which organelle?
What organelle is the packaging & distribution center of the cell?
What membrane surrounds the nucleus?
What is the function of mitochondria. Sketch their shape.
Where is chlorophyll found in plants?
Diffusion takes place from ________________ concentration to ___________.
If a cell has a high water content, will it lose or gain water?
Ink dispersing in a beaker is an example of ________________.
Very large molecules enter cells by a process called ________________.
Endocytosis and exocytosis occur in ______________ directions across a cell membrane.
What is photosynthesis?
Where do the dark reactions of photosynthesis take place?
When chlorophyll absorbs light energy ATP is made and what other energy carrying molecule?
When chlorophyll absorbs light energy, what happens to its electrons?
_______________ molecules are responsible for the photosystems.
Electrons that have absorbed energy & moved to a higher energy level enter what chain?
When cells break down food molecules, energy is temporarily stored in what molecule?
When muscles do not get enough oxygen, what acid forms during exercise?
If you are growing bacteria in a culture and lactic acids starts to form, the bacteria are not getting enough of what gas?
The 2 stages of cellular respiration are _____________ & oxidative respiration.
Citric acid forms in which cycle during cellular respiration?
ATP molecules are formed inside what cellular organelle?
What is the study of life called?

 

Chemistry for Physical Science

UNITS OF STUDY
NATURE OF SCIENCE CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER ATOMIC STRUCTURE & THE PERIODIC TABLE
CHEMICAL BONDS ELEMENTS and THEIR PROPERTIES CHEMICAL REACTIONS
SOLUTIONS ACIDS, BASES, & SALTS CARBON CHEMISTRY

 

NATURE OF SCIENCE

Methods and Science, Standards of Measurement, Communicating with Graphs

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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ANIMATIONS & INTERACTIVES:

 

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CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

Composition of Matter, Properties of Matter

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS & PERIODIC TABLE

Structure of the Atom, Masses of Atoms, and the Periodic Table

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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CHEMICAL BONDS

Stability in Bonding, Types of Bonds, and Writing Formulas and Naming Compound

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ELEMENTS and THEIR PROPERTIES

Metals, Nonmetals, and Mixed Groups

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CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Chemical Changes, Chemical Equations, Classifying Chemical Reactions, and Chemical Reactions and Energy

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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SOLUTIONS

How Solutions Form, Dissolving Without Water, Solubility and Concentration, and Particles in Solution

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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ACIDS, BASES, & SALTS

Acids and Bases, Strength of Acids and Bases, and Salts

OPENERS:

POWERPOINT & NOTES:

 

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CARBON CHEMISTRY

 

OPENERS:

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BACK

Display Board

The Display Board

Plan Your Board | Components of Board | Colors and Text | Graphs and Tables | Illustrations | Finishing Touches | Sample Boards
When you plan your science fair board, remember this is a case in which you CAN judge a book by its cover. If you do a really good job at completely your display, everyone will stop to look at your project.  However, if you do a messy job, no one will take the time to discover all the fascinating research you have done or look at the results of your wonderful experiment or invention.

PLAN YOUR BOARD: 
Make a small sketch of where everything will go.  Lay it out before you glue anything down to make sure it looks good.  Design what the “center” of your board will be.  This is where everyone will look first.  Will it be the title or pictures?   Everything else should be place around this.  When you set up your board, put things together in the an order that makes sense.  Remember, we read from left to right so don’t put stuff you did near the end (like the conclusion) on the right side of the board.

 

COMPONENTS OF YOUR BOARD: From Janice VanCleave’s Guide to the Best Science Fair Projects,  Janice VanCleave (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997).
You should have the following components on your board: (Click on the underlined words below to get an idea of how to word each part of your board.  Feel free to use your creativity in expressing yours.)

 

TITLE and QUESTION – The title can be the question in a “catchy” form.  If your title is different that our question, then make sure you also include your question.
Ex.  Your question might be, “Which bath soap cleans the best?” but your title might be “Splish Splash I Was Taking A Bath.”
RESEARCH – You might want to include a short paragraph that gives the background information on which you based your hypothesis.
HYPOTHESIS – This is your educated guess based on your research.
ABSTRACT – Ask your teacher if (s)he requires this component.  Sometimes it is put on the board and sometimes it is put in front of the project.   It is a short summary of your project. It is usually a separate page and includes the project title or question, your purpose for completing this project,  the hypothesis, a brief description of the procedure you followed, and the results of your experiment.  Your teacher may just require a copy of your lab report.
EXPERIMENT –  This is the procedure you followed to do your experiment.  It should follow the scientific method and include:
Materials
Procedure
Constants and variables
DATA – These are your results displayed in a way that your audience can understand. It is usually displayed in a table, graph, or photographs.   It is an “analysis” of what you have done.
CONCLUSION – This is a statement of whether your hypothesis was right or not;  if it wasn’t right, why you think it turned out the way it did, and what you do differently next time.EXTRAS: You should at least one of the following:
ILLUSTRATIONS – These can be photographs that you took or off the the web, that enhance your project.  They can also be containers or labels of products you used in your project.
ACTUAL MODEL OR EXPERIMENT – This is the actual equipment you did at home or a model of your topic.
Ex.  If your question was “Does age affect lung capacity?”, you might make a model of the human lung or have the actual equipment you used to test this experiment.

 

COLORS AND TEXT: 
1.  You can use the labels that come with your board or create your own.  Labels created on the computer can be very effective.  Try using a different font or color for each of the labels.
2.  Use colors that are appealing.  They should contrast with your board color.  If you have a white board, make your text a bright color(s).  Try backing your text with colored paper to make your words alive.
3.  Type your text or print it neatly.    Use stencils or premade letters if you prefer.  Make your lettering  large enough for everyone to see.  If you print it, use pencil first and draw guidelines to make sure your writing is neat.  Go over your writing with permanent marker and make sure you erase your guidelines.

DISPLAY YOUR DATA: 
You may display your data in a table or graph.  Make sure your graph reflects the kind of data you have collected.

  • A line graph demonstrates change over time.
  • A bar/picture graph demonstrates a comparison between two or more things.
  • A circle/pie graph compares parts to the whole.

Graphs and tables should be neatly done.   Use computer generated graphs and tables or make them yourself. Use a ruler and colored pencils or markers to make  them really eye appealing.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Sometimes your results can be shown by photographs or pictures.  Photographs and pictures also enhance a display, especially if you don’t have the actual experiment because you used something that can’t be displayed (i.e. pets, family members).  You may also use computer generated graphics or photographs off the internet.  Free Stock Photos.com  and  Net Vet are good sites for pictures of animals and other scientific topics.   Check to see if you have permission to use them.

FINISHING TOUCHES:

  • Make sure you proofread all your written work.
  • Use rulers.
  • Don’t use pencils. It looks unfinished.
  • Erase all pencil guidelines.
SAMPLE LAYOUTS:
There is no one correct way to set up your board.  It must, however, make sense and follow the steps of the scientific method.Remember:

  • If you use a title, you still need the question (or problem).
  • We read from left to right and from top to bottom.   Groups topics that go together like question, research, and hypothesis;  materials and procedures;  analysis and conclusion.
  • Put pictures and graphs where they fit best and make the most sense.
  • Make sure you proofread any written work.
More samples can be found at the bottom of this page

Below are different ways to organize your board. Try your own – just make sure it makes sense.
Try backing your words with a contrasting color.

 

 

EXTRA HELP:  DiscoverySchool.com has some good ideas for displaying your project.  Make sure you read some good “Do’s and Don’ts”  and some more helpful hints at this site.

Using Three-point Essays with Biology Articles

How to Write a Three-point Essay
Paragraph I INTRODUCTION – Tells what the paper is about and what three points will be discussed
Paragraph 2 POINT 1 – States and explains the first point explained in the article and gives supporting evidence
Paragraph 3 POINT 2 – States and explains the second point explained in the article and gives supporting evidence
Paragraph 4 POINT 3 – States and explains the third point explained in the article and gives supporting evidence
Paragraph 5 CONCLUSION – Restates the subject and summarizes the main points

 

How to Set Up Your paper
  • Upper right-hand corner — Write your NAME and PERIOD
  • Top line — Write the TITLE of the ARTICLE
  • SKIP ONE LINE
  • Write the OUTLINE of your paper: I. Introduction
    II. (Write your 1st point)
    III. (Write your 2nd point)
    IV. (Write your 3rd point)
    V. Conclusion
  • SKIP TWO LINES
  • Write your 5 PARAGRAPHS
DUE 1st Wednesday of each Month!

 

PRINTABLE VERSION

 

Virtual Labs

VIRTUAL LABS 

 

AP Biology LabsPreAP Biology Labs
AP BIOLOGY WEBLABS – This site has a virtual lab on each of the “dirty dozen” AP Biology labs.  A great time saver !  MCGRAW-HILL VIRTUAL LABS – The McGraw Hill virtual lab is great — just print off the post lab questions and tables and have students complete the lab.
AP ENVIRONMENTAL WEBLABSUCA labs with good descriptions and great standard and simulation labs CLASSZONE’s WOW BIOLABS – McDougal-Littell has great online lb simulations
LAB BENCH AP BIOLOGY LABSCovers all 12 AP Biology Labs including introductory lectures. BIOLOGY WEBLABSTwelve great online labs for first year students.
Judith S. de Nuño’s AP BIOLOGY WEBSITE – This website has it all — online labs, simulations, projects, etc.  You have got to check it out! JOHNSON’s EXPLORATIONSgreat for high school biology students.
DNALC Internet Sites DNA Learning Center – Fantastic lab simulations on molecular biology. GENETICS WEB LABS covers Mendel, meiosis, evolution, and dragon making!
BIOCOURSE INTERACTIVE LABS Lots of lab simulations found here. VIRTUAL LABSOnline labs by Rutgers University.
EDUWEB LABS -This site gives students an opportunity to manipulate laboratory equipment, gather data and process that data. COW’S EYE DISSECTION – good virtual dissection with no cost or mess to clean up afterwards.
VIRTUAL CAT DISSECTION – Great photographs to follow the dissection. FETAL PIG DISSECTION – Use  alone or along with an actual dissection.
MAMMAL SKULLS Explores animal taxonomy and characteristics for survival NETFROG – Watch a video  of the dissection of a frog.
DNA EXTRACTION LAB
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS LAB
DRAGON GENETICS & MENDEL’S PEAS – Two great virtual labs on genetics
VIRTUAL MICROSCOPE