Category: Resources

Great Biology Web Sites

 

Great Biology Web Sites

 

Great Sites by Great Teachers
These are some of the best web sites that I have found.  These are awesome teachers making a difference.   If you can add to the list, please send me an email at: cmassengale8@sps.k12.ar.us
Kelly Reidell  http://kr021.k12.sd.us/
Mark Adame http://smtexas.net/faculty/adame/BIOLOGYHOME.htm
Diane Goerlitz         
        

     

Biology.org

J. Naughton’s Biology Page http://www.niles-hs.k12.il.us/jacnau/

Shannan Muskopf       Biology Corner          http://www.biologycorner.com/

 Biologyzone-
Kim B. Foglia

Genetic Traits Activity

 

Finding Your Genetic Match

Introduction:

Have you ever noticed that brothers or sisters often look alike?  Their inherited traits are what make their physical appearance so similar. An inherited trait is a particular genetically determined characteristic that distinguishes a person. The traits of children are determined by the traits that  are passed on from their parents. Some traits are obvious in a family — a child’s nose is shaped like their mother’s nose, but some traits are less obvious. You may have similar traits to many of your classmates even though you are not related to them. Some examples of often un-noticed human traits are the ability or not to roll your tongue, attached or unattached earlobes, dimples or freckles, naturally curly or straight hair, hitchhiker’s or straight thumb, straight or widow’s peak hairline, smooth or cleft chin, or colorblindness or normal vision.

There are numerous traits in humans, but some traits occur more frequently than others.  Between 70-90% of the human population have free-hanging earlobes, can roll their tongue,  are right-handed, and can taste a chemical called PTC.  These traits are called high frequency traits.

Objective:

Students will determine the presence of certain high frequency traits in themselves & their classmates.

Materials:

Genetic Inventory sheet with pictures, paper, pencil, PTC taste strips.

Procedure:

  1. Identify which of the following 10 human traits you have by placing a check mark beside that trait.
  2. Compare the traits you have with other students in the classroom and find the student you most closely match.

 

 

Human Trait Inventory
Student:
Tongue Roller
Non-Tongue Roller
Attached Earlobes
Unattached earlobes
Dimples
No Dimples
Right-handed
Left-Handed
Widow’s Peak
Straight Hairline
Left Thumb on top when Hands Crossed
Right Thumb on top when Hands Crossed
Hair on mid-digit of hand
No hair on mid-digit of hand
Bent little finger
Straight little finger
Second toe longer than big toe
Second toe not longer than big toe
Can Taste PTC
Can Not Taste PTC
Vulcan (Fingers spread 2 by 2)
None Vulcan
Class Match:

 

 

 

Tongue Roller Non Roller Dimples No Dimples
Attached Earlobes Unattached Earlobes Widow’s Peak Straight Hairline
Longer Second Toe Short Second Toe Bent Little finger Hitchhiker’s Thumb
Attached Ear lobes (left)
Unattached ear Lobes (right)		 “VULCAN” or No “VULCAN” Dimples Right/Left Thumb on top

 

Genetics PPT Questions

 

 

Mendelian Genetics
PowerPoint Questions
Gregor Mendel

1. Who is responsible for our laws of inheritance?

2. What organism did Mendel study?

3. When was Mendel’s work recognized?

4. When did Mendel perform his experiments & how many plants did he grow?

5. What did Mendel notice about offspring traits?

6. How is Mendel referred to today?

7. In what country did Mendel do his research on peas?

8. Mendel stated that physical traits were inherited as _______________.

9. Today we know that particles are actually what?

Terminology

10. Define these three terms:
a. trait –

 

b. heredity –

c. genetics –

 

11. Name & describe two types of genetic crosses.

 

 

12. What is used to solve genetic crosses?

13. Sketch a Punnett square & show how they are  used to solve a genetics problems.

 

 

 

14. Use a Punnett square to solve a cross between two parents that both have the genotype Yy.

 

 

 

 

15. What are alleles & what are the two forms?

 

16. Explain the difference between dominant & recessive alleles.

 

 

17. Using a letter of the alphabet, show how each allele would be represented.

 

18. What is a genotype and write 3 possible genotypes?

 

19. What is a phenotype and write possible phenotypes for your genotypes in question 18?

 

20. Using these alleles, R = red flower and r = yellow flowers, write all possible genotypes & phenotypes.

 

21. What are homozygous genotypes?

 

22. Write a homozygous dominant genotype.

23. Write a homozygous recessive genotype.

24. What is meant by a heterozygous genotype?

 

25. Write a heterozygous genotype.

26. Heterozygous  genotypes are also called _____________.

27. What two things actually determine an organism’s characteristics?

Pea Experiments

28. Give 4 reasons that Mendel used garden peas, Pisum sativum, for his experiments.

 

 

 

29. Name the male and female parts of a flowering plant and explain how pollination occurs.

 

 

30. What is the difference between self and cross pollination?

 

31. Explain how Mendel cross pollinated his pea plants.

 

 

32. How did Mendel get pure plants?

33. Name 8 pea plant traits and give the dominant & recessive form of each.

 

 

 

 

 

34. How did Mendel’s experimental results compare to the theoretical genotypic ratios? Explain.

 

35. What does P1 mean?

36. What is the F1 generation?

37. What is the F2 generation?

38. What results from this cross — TT  x  tt?

39. What results do you get from crossing two hybrids (Tt   x  Tt)?

 

40. Show all your work for solving a P1 monohybrid cross for seed shape.
Trait:
Alleles:

P1 cross:  __________ x __________

Genotype ____________
Phenotype ___________
G. Ratio _____________
P. Ratio _____________

 

41. The offspring of the above cross are called the _____ generation.

42. Show all your work for solving a F1 monohybrid cross for seed shape.
Trait:
Alleles:

F1 cross:  __________ x __________

Genotype ____________
Phenotype ___________
G. Ratio _____________
P. Ratio _____________

43. Show all your work for solving both F2 monohybrid crosses for seed shape.

Trait:
Alleles:

F2 cross:  ________ x ________  F2 cross:  ________ x ________

 

 

 

 

Genotype ____________                  Genotype ____________
Phenotype ___________                   Phenotype ___________
G. Ratio _____________                   G. Ratio _____________
P. Ratio _____________                    P. Ratio _____________

Mendel’s Laws

Complete the following question:

44. _________ are responsible for inherited traits.

45. Phenotype is based on _______________.

46. Each trait requires _____ genes, one from each ____________.

47. State the Law of Dominance and give an example.

 

 

48. State the Law of Segregation and tell when alleles are “recombined”.

 

 

49. State the Law of Independent assortment & tell what type of crosses show this.

 

 

50. Using the formula 2n where n = the number of heterozygotes, tell how many gametes will be produced by each of the following allele combinations:
a. RrYy
b. AaBbCCDd
c. MmNnOoPPQQRrssTtQq

51. What are the possible allele combinations in the egg and sperm from the following cross — RrYy x RrYy.

 

52. Show how to work an F1 dihybrid cross for seed shape & seed color.

Traits:
Alleles:

 

 

F1 cross   __________ x __________

 

 

 

GR         Genotypes           PR         Phenotypes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53. Complete this cross or crosses for eye color & curliness of the hair — bbC__ x bbcc.

 

 

 

 

54. Draw a table summarizing Mendel’s 3 laws.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Incomplete and Co-Dominance

55. Incomplete dominance occurs in __________ and produces a phenotype _______________ the phenotype of the two parents.

56. Show your work solving a cross for flower color in snapdragons when there is incomplete dominance.

Trait:
Alleles:

Cross:  RR x rr

 

Genotype ____________
Phenotype ___________
G. Ratio _____________
P. Ratio _____________

57. What is codominance & give an example?

 

58. Write the genotypes for each of these blood types:

type A
type B
type AB
type O

59. Solve this codominance problem: IBIB x IAi.

 

 

 

60. Solve this codominance problem for blood type: ii x IAIB.

 

 

 

Sex-Linked Traits

61. What are sex linked traits?

 

62. Name the sex chromosomes.

63. Write the genotype for male and for female.

64. Most sex-linked traits are carried on what chromosome?

65. Give an example of a sex-linked trait in fruit flies.

66. Show the results of crossing a red-eyed male (XRY)  with a white-eyed female (XrXr) fruit fly.
RR =
Rr =
rr =
XY =
XX =

Cross:    __________ x __________

 

 

 

Genotype ____________
Phenotype ___________
G. Ratio _____________
P. Ratio _____________

67. What is meant by a female carrier?

 

68. Name a disease that can be carried in this manner.

 

 

 

Enzyme PowerPoint Worksheet

Enzymes
ppt Questions

Enzyme Structure & Function

1. Most enzymes are what type of macromolecule?

2. Most enzymes are ______________ or ______________ structures.

3. Enzymes act as ___________ in reactions.

4. Are enzymes permanently changed in the chemical reactions they are involved in?

5. Will an enzyme work on any substance? Explain.

 

6. Can enzymes be reused?

7. What ending is found on many enzymes?

8. Give 3 examples of enzymes with this ending.

 

9. How does an enzyme work?

 

10. What effect does an enzyme have on activation energy needed to start a reaction?

11. Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 is a common waste product of cells. Enzymes called catalases in cells break this down into harmless ________________.

12. What is meant by the term substrate?

 

13. What is meant by active site?

 

14. Sketch and label the enzyme-substrate complex.

 

 

15. What is meant by induced fit?

 

16. What induces an enzyme to change the shape of its active site?

17. List 4 factors that can affect enzyme activity.

 

18. What is the effect of high temperature on an enzyme (running fever)?

 

19. What temperature do most enzymes do best at?

20. Most enzymes like a pH near ______________.

21. To denature an enzyme means the enzyme becomes _______________ and can no longer work properly.

22. Name 3 inorganic substances (cofactors) that are often needed for enzymes to work properly.

 

23. Give an example of an enzyme & its needed inorganic substance.

 

24. Give one example of an enzyme inhibitor.

25. Explain how competitive inhibitors work.

 

 

26. If a competitive inhibitor blocks the active site, the ____________ can’t fit.

27. Explain noncompetitive inhibitors. 

 

 

28. Do noncompetitive inhibitors bind to the active site? Explain.