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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
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1. |
Only multicellular organisms use energy for growth and maintenance.
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2. |
Scientific investigations always follow a series of rigidly defined steps.
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3. |
Communicating scientific information may result in the development of new hypotheses.
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4. |
All living things are composed of cells.
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5. |
In a carefully planned experiment, the variable being studied is omitted from the experimental group.
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6. |
Scientific understanding is based on observations.
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7. |
Reproduction is essential for the survival of individual organisms.
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8. |
The processes of observing, measuring, and organizing data generally lead to the formulation of questions.
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9. |
Observing is the use of one or more of the senses to perceive objects or events.
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10. |
The study of biology can help you better understand human reproduction.
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11. |
Almost all organisms ultimately get their energy for survival from the sun.
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12. |
A scientist who performs an experiment has no idea what the outcome of the experiment is going to be.
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13. |
Units of time are not measured in metric units, so time measurements are not accepted for use with SI units.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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14. |
The step in a scientific method that is most likely to take the form of an IF_THEN statement is called:
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a.
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prediciton
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c.
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experimenting
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b.
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inference
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d.
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modeling
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15. |
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a.
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homeostasis
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c.
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organization
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b.
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reproduction
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d.
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the food chain
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16. |
When an experiment gives an important result, these results should not be
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a.
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published.
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c.
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replicated.
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b.
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withheld.
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d.
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confirmed.
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17. |
When a hypothesis is tested and confirmed often enough that it is unlikely to be disproved the hypothesis may become a
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a.
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theory.
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c.
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replication.
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b.
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prediction.
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d.
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scientific method.
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18. |
Generally, the order in which a scientist uses the scientific method is
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a.
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observations, predictions, hypothesis, verifying prediction,theory, verification.
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b.
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observations, hypothesis, making predictions, verifying predictions, performing control
experiments,theory.
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c.
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predictions, observations, hypothesis, theory, controlled testing,verification.
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d.
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observations, hypothesis, predictions, verification, theory.
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19. |
Generally the first process a scientist uses to obtain knowledge about nature is:
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a.
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collecting
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c.
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predicting
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b.
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observing
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d.
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measuring
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20. |
Which of the following steps in scientific method is most likely to directly follow
hypothesizing?
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a.
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communicating
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c.
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experimenting
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b.
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inferring
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d.
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predicting
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21. |
The part of the scientific method in which journal articles are prepared is called:
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a.
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communicating
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c.
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organizing
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b.
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observing
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d.
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classifying
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22. |
A control
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a.
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is when a lead scientist controls a group of scientists conducting an experiment.
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b.
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is always registered with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
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c.
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is the part of an experiment in which a key factor is not allowed to change.
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d.
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provides the answer to a problem posed by a theory.
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23. |
Biology is the study of
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a.
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minerals.
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c.
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the weather
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b.
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life.
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d.
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energy.
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24. |
Which of the following shows the most complex level of organization?
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a.
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red blood cells
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c.
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nerve
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b.
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stomach
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d.
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muscle
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25. |
In the scientific method, the step that follows observing and stating a problem is
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a.
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recording data.
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c.
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forming a hypothesis.
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b.
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analyzing data.
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d.
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testing a hypothesis.
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26. |
The splitting in two of a bacterium is called:
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a.
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inheritance
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c.
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development
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b.
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sexual reproduction
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d.
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asexual reproduction
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27. |
Plants and algae use energy that comes from
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a.
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the sun.
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b.
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the movement of the Earth.
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c.
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the moon.
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d.
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heat created deep within the interior of the Earth.
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28. |
The first living organism on earth was probably a:
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a.
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single cell
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c.
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dinosaur
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b.
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fish
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d.
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plant
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29. |
In the scientific method, a possible explanation is called:
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a.
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hypothesis
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c.
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an observation
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b.
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an inference
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d.
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an analysis
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30. |
Cell membranes
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a.
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are only found on a small number of cells.
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c.
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are made of DNA
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b.
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contain genes.
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d.
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are thin coverings that surround cells.
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31. |
The combining of genetic information from two individuals to produce offspring is called:
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a.
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inheritance
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c.
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sexual reproduction
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b.
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development
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d.
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asexual reproduction
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32. |
All organisms possess DNA. DNA
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a.
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creates energy for the cells.
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b.
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allows sensitivity to environmental stimuli.
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c.
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contains information for growth and development.
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d.
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captures energy from the sun.
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33. |
Instructions for development that are passed from parents to offspring are known as
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a.
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a species plan.
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c.
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genes.
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b.
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organ codes.
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d.
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natural selections.
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34. |
Which of the following is not necessarily a distinct property of living things?
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a.
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homeostasis
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c.
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complexity
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b.
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metabolism
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d.
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reproduction
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35. |
Living things
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a.
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need energy for life processes.
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c.
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are composed of cells.
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b.
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have the ability to reproduce.
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d.
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All of the above
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36. |
All living things maintain a balance within their cells and the environment through the process of
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a.
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growth.
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c.
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homeostasis.
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b.
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development.
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d.
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evolution.
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37. |
Which of the following is not a partial explanation for our lack of understanding of many of the living things on Earth?
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a.
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Many organisms are microscopic in size and therefore difficult to observe.
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b.
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Many organisms are so different from other organisms that it is difficult to understand them.
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c.
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Many organisms live in areas of the world that are difficult to explore.
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d.
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Tropical rain forests contain many species, and it is difficult to find all of them in these dense forests.
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38. |
Which example of scientific methodology is incorrect?
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a.
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Observation—A number of people in Zaire dying of a disease outbreak
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b.
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Measurement—A record of the number of people with symptoms of the disease and the number of people who had died from the disease
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c.
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Analysis of data—Comparison of the effects of mixing monkey cells with virus-containing blood in test tubes and the effects of mixing of liquid from these test tubes with fresh monkey cells
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d.
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Inference making—Identification of the Ebola virus as the cause of the disease by taking electron micrographs of substances found in the blood of persons affected with the disease
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39. |
The word theory used in a scientific sense means
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a.
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that of which the scientist is most certain.
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b.
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a guess made with very little knowledge to support it.
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c.
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an absolute scientific certainty.
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d.
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None of the above
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40. |
A light microscope that has an objective lens of 10´ and an ocular lens of 20´ has a magnification of
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a.
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30´.
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c.
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300´.
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b.
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200´.
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d.
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2000´.
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