unit 10b ap study guide

Unit 10B
Animal Systems

Be able to:

  • Name & explain the 4 physical processes that an animal uses to exchange heat with its environment
  • Discuss how both endotherms & ectotherms use physiological & behavioral strategies to regulate the heat within their bodies
  • Tell what torpor is, what causes this condition, & know examples of animals that would undergo torpor
  • Describe the 3 main types of nitrogenous wastes produced by animals & how each animal eliminates this waste
  • Explain these excretory systems — flame bulb, metanephridia, Malpighian tubules, & kidneys
  • Tell how endocrine & exocrine glands differ & know examples of each
  • Know what gland produces each of these hormones 7 the effect it has on its target organ — estrogen, thyroxine, growth hormone, epinephrine, insulin, antidiuretic hormone, calcitonin, and follicle stimulating hormone
  • Discus hormonal control in males & females
  • Explain cleavage & gastrulation
  • Explain organogenesis & how it occurs in chordate embryos
  • Describe neuron structure, the 3 classes & their functions, & explain propagation of an action potential
  • Describe the 3 major parts of the human brain & their functions
  • Tell the main parts & functions of the human eye & ear
  • explain the sliding filament model for muscular contraction