What characterizes a prokaryotic cell? |
Why do experiments need a control? |
Why do scientists use the scientific method to study environmental problems? |
List the hierarchy of organization for living things & for classification. |
Why is evolution the "biological theme that ties together all the others"? |
If neon has an atomic number of 10, how many valence electrons does it have & what does this tell you about this element? |
List properties of all life forms. |
In which kingdom would you find the E. coli bacterium? |
What must be done before a hypothesis is proven to be true? |
What composes all living things? |
How do isotopes differ from each other? |
If an element has its valence electron shell filled, what is true about its reactivity? |
How are molecules formed? |
How are ionic bonds formed? |
How do polar covalent bonds form? |
What type of weak bond exists between water molecules? |
What type of bond forms from unequal sharing of electrons between atoms? |
How does carbon-12 differ from carbon-14? |
What type of bond forms between 2 atoms that are equally electronegative? |
What determines the reactive properties of an atom? |
The sum of protons & neutrons in an atom? |
Determine the number of valence electrons for carbon & hydrogen. |
Determine the number of neutrons for sulfur. |
How can you tell if an atom has the same valence as carbon? |
What happens to ionic bonds in water? |
Name 2 isotopes of hydrogen. |
Sketch the electron configuration of oxygen & neon. |
When reactions continue with no effect on the concentration of reactants & products, what is this called? |
When do Van der Waal interactions occur? |
What would be the pH for acids, bases, neutral solutions? |
What type of bond occurs when the partial negative charge of one water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule? |
What property of water is probably the most important for the functioning of organisms at the molecular level? |
In which type of solutions would there be a greater concentration of hydroxyl ions — acids or bases? |
In which type of solutions would there be a greater concentration of hydrogen ions — acids or bases? |
What is the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between a solution with a pH of 3 and a solution with a pH of 5? |
Explain how the formation of ice during cold weather helps to temper the transition to winter. |
Be able to explain how to make a 1 Molar solution of glucose. |
Which end of the water molecule is electronegative? |
What determines the cohesiveness of water? |
If a compound contains hydroxyl groups, is it water soluble? |
Which element is the most abundant in the dry weight of humans? |
What type of isomers have variations in their arrangement around a double bond? |
How do glucose & fructose differ? |
What type of bonds do carbon atoms form? |
Be able to recognize these functional groups — carbonyl, sulfhydryl, methyl, phosphate, amino, carboxyl, & hydroxyl. |
What functional group is found in alcohols like glycerol? |
Which monomer makes the macromolecule it forms an organic acid? |
Draw the structural isomers for butane. |
What lipid makes up biological membranes? |
How are alpha helix proteins stabilized? |
What chemical reaction is used to synthesize macromolecules like polypeptides & starch? |
How are DNA & RNA different? |
Sketch a fatty acid. |
What is the basic structure of a steroid? |
Is polymerization anabolism or catabolism? |
Show how a dipeptide is formed. |
What causes the tertiary structure of proteins? |
What are the 2 forms at the secondary level of protein structure? How do they differ? |
What reaction must occur to break a peptide bond? |
What structural feature allows DNA to replicate itself? |
What does it mean if the 2 strands of DNA are complementary? |
Which macromolecule yields the greatest amount of energy? |
Describe a nucleotide. |
Name the purines & pyrimidines. |