| From Single Cell to Multicellular Organism |
| 1. |
List the animals used as models for developmental biology research and provide a rationale for their choice. |
| 2. |
Distinguish between the patterns of morphogenesis in plants and in animals. |
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Differential Gene Expression |
| 3. |
Describe how genomic equivalence was determined for plants and animals. |
| 4. |
Describe what kinds of changes occur to the genome during differentiation. |
| 5. |
Describe the general process by which the ewe Dolly and the first mice were cloned. |
| 6. |
Describe the characteristics of stem cells. Explain their significance to medicine. |
| 7. |
Distinguish between determination and differentiation. Explain why determination precedes differentiation. |
| 8. |
Describe the molecular basis of determination. |
| 9. |
Describe the two sources of information that instruct a cell to express genes at the appropriate time. |
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Genetic and Cellular Mechanisms of Pattern Formation |
| 10. |
Describe how Drosophila was used to investigate the basic aspects of pattern formation (axis formation and segmentation). |
| 11. |
Explain how maternal genes affect polarity and development in Drosophila embryos. |
| 12. |
Describe how gradients of morphogens may specify the axes of developing Drosophila embryos. |
| 13. |
Describe how homeotic genes define the anatomical identity of the segments of a developing organism. |
| 14. |
Describe how the study of nematodes contributed to an understanding of the role of induction in development. |
| 15. |
Describe how apoptosis functions in normal and abnormal development. |
| 16. |
Describe how the study of tomatoes has contributed to the understanding of flower development. |
| 17. |
Describe how the study of Arabidopsis has contributed to the understanding of organ identity in plants. |
| 18. |
Provide evidence of the conservation of homeobox patterns. |
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