AP Biology: CHAPTERS 2 & 3
| CHEMICAL CONTEXT OF LIFE & WATER 1. What are the most common elements in the human? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Helium has an atomic number of 2 and atomic mass of 4. Explain. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 3. Define isotope and give some examples. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4. How are isotopes used in biology? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 5. What happens when electrons change levels? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the significance of valence numbers? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 7. Why do atoms form covalent vs. ionic bonds? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 8. How do non-polar covalent bonds differ from polar covalent bonds? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 9. What is a hydrogen bond? How does it form and how is it different from a covalent bond? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 10. Sketch a few molecules of water, indicate their polarity, and where H bonds form.
11. Why is H bonding so important to water’s properties? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 12. List the “special” properties of water and give an example of why the property may be important to living things. a. ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b. ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ c. ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ d. ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
|