AP Lecture Guide 09 – Respiration – Glycolysis

 

AP Biology: Chapter 9

 

RESPIRATION — GLYCOLYSIS

 

1. Identify some specific processes the cell does with ATP. _____________________________

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2. Explain why ATP is such a “high energy” molecule. __________________________________

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3. Sketch the ATP cycle:

 

 

4. How does ATP “couple reactions”? ______________________________________________

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5. What is the name of enzymes which phosphorylate molecules? ________________________

6. Define each of the following:

a. Oxidation _______________________________________________________________

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b. Reduction _______________________________________________________________

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7. What is the role of NAD+ & FAD+2 in respiration? ___________________________________

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8. Explain why respiration is considered exergonic. ____________________________________

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9. Glycolysis starts with _____________________ and produces _________________________

10. The Kreb’s cycle takes place in the: ______________________________________________

11. Pyruvate is converted to ___________________________________ before the Krebs cycle.

12. The Electron Transport Chain is located in the: _____________________________________

13. Describe the role of the Electron Transport Chain. What happens to the electrons and H+?

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14. What is chemiomosis and how is it generated?

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15. How does the mitochondrion generate ATP?

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16. Label the diagram. Include: CO2, organic compounds, O2, H2O, respiration, photosynthesis, light, heat, ATP

23. Write the summary equation for cellular respiration:

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a. Where did the glucose come from? ___________________________________________

b. Where did the O2 come from? _______________________________________________

c. Where did the CO2 come from? ______________________________________________

d. Where did the H2O come from? ______________________________________________

e. Where did the ATP come from? ______________________________________________

f. What else is produced that is not listed in this equation? ___________________________

24. What was the evolutionary advantage of the proto-eukaryotes that engulfed aerobic bacteria

but did not digest them?

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25. Why do we eat? _____________________________________________________________

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26. Why do we breathe? __________________________________________________________

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17. What happens to most of the energy released during cell respiration? ___________________

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18. Alcoholic fermentation converts glucose to ________________________________________

19. Alcoholic fermentation is utilized by what organisms? ________________________________

20. Lactic acid fermentation converts glucose to________________________________________

21. Lactic acid fermentation is utilized by what organisms? _______________________________

22. Identify examples of each of the following feedback mechanisms

a. Negative feedback ________________________________________________________

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b. Positive feedback _________________________________________________________

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