| First Semester Review |
| What is the study of life called? |
| What are the smallest units that can carry on life functions called? |
| Living things are composed of ______________. |
| Give an example of a scientific observation. |
| What is a hypothesis? |
| What 3 things compose an atom? |
| Matter is made of ________________. |
| When atoms gain energy, what happens to electrons? |
| Do cells contain a few or thousands of different kinds of enzymes? |
| __________________ reactions are important in organisms because they allow the passage of energy from one molecule to another. |
| What is a polar molecule? |
| Water molecules break up other polar substances. Give an example of such a polar molecule. |
| What happens to ionic compounds in water? |
| Which is not a carbohydrate —– glycogen, steroids, cellulose, or sugars? |
| Amino acids are the monomers for making ________________. |
| Is ice an example of an organic molecule? |
| The type & order of the amino acids determines the ___________ of a protein. |
| Very active cells need more of which organelle? |
| What organelle is the packaging & distribution center of the cell? |
| What membrane surrounds the nucleus? |
| What is the function of mitochondria. Sketch their shape. |
| Where is chlorophyll found in plants? |
| Diffusion takes place from ________________ concentration to ___________. |
| If a cell has a high water content, will it lose or gain water? |
| Ink dispersing in a beaker is an example of ________________. |
| Very large molecules enter cells by a process called ________________. |
| Endocytosis and exocytosis occur in ______________ directions across a cell membrane. |
| What is photosynthesis? |
| Where do the dark reactions of photosynthesis take place? |
| When chlorophyll absorbs light energy ATP is made and what other energy carrying molecule? |
| When chlorophyll absorbs light energy, what happens to its electrons? |
| _______________ molecules are responsible for the photosystems. |
| Electrons that have absorbed energy & moved to a higher energy level enter what chain? |
| When cells break down food molecules, energy is temporarily stored in what molecule? |
| When muscles do not get enough oxygen, what acid forms during exercise? |
| If you are growing bacteria in a culture and lactic acids starts to form, the bacteria are not getting enough of what gas? |
| The 2 stages of cellular respiration are _____________ & oxidative respiration. |
| Citric acid forms in which cycle during cellular respiration? |
| ATP molecules are formed inside what cellular organelle? |
| The first filial generation is the result of a __________________ cross. |
| If a genetic trait appears in every generation is it dominant or recessive? |
| When Mendel crossed pea plants & looked at 2 different traits (flower color & plant height), did the inheritance of one trait influence the other? |
| If a heterozygous individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual, how many phenotypes will result? |
| What is the expected genotypic ratio from a homozygous dominant X heterozygous monohybrid cross? |
| List several reasons for genetic counseling. |
| If a genetic disorder is found equally in males & females, is it autosomal dominant or recessive? |
| If both parents carry the gene for cystic fibrous, what is the chance that their child will develop the disease? |
| If a trait is sex-linked, will it occur more often in males or females? |
| If a gene is located on the X-chromosome, it is said to be ________________. |
