Quiz Genetics

Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

Genetics is the branch of biology that involves the study of how different traits are transmitted from one generation to the next.

Mendel discovered predictable patterns in the inheritance of traits.

The scientific study of heredity is called genetics.

In Mendel’s experiments with the flower color of pea plants, only the parental generation produced white flowers.

Mendel concluded that the patterns of inheritance are determined entirely by the environment.

The law of independent assortment was proposed by Mendel to explain his observations of inheritance patterns.

Genes on chromosomes are the units of inheritance.

The allele for a recessive trait is usually represented by a capital letter.

Heterozygous individuals have two of the same alleles for a particular gene.

A probability of 1/4 is equal to a probability of 75 percent.

The dominant allele for tallness in pea plants is represented by the letter t.

In codominance, two alleles are expressed at the same time.

All genes have only two alleles.

A dihybrid cross involves two pairs of contrasting traits.

Crosses involving a study of one gene are called monohybrid crosses.

Complete each sentence or statement.

A reproductive process in which fertilization occurs within a single plant is ____________________.

Mendel produced strains of pea plants through the process of ____________________.

____________________ refers to the transmission of traits from parent to offspring in sexually reproducing organisms.

In heterozygous individuals, only the ____________________ allele achieves expression.

A trait that is not expressed in the F1 generation resulting from the crossbreeding of two genetically different, true-breeding organisms is called ____________________.

The principle that states that one factor may mask the effect of another factor is the principle of ____________________.

In Mendel’s experiments, a trait that disappeared in the F1 generation but reappeared in the F2 generation was always a ____________________.

The cellular process that results in the segregation of Mendel’s factors is ____________________.

Mendel formulated two principles known as the laws of ____________________.

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is called ____________________.

An organism’s ____________________ refers to the set of alleles it has inherited.

The likelihood that a specific event will occur is called ____________________.

In pea plants, tallness (T) is dominant to shortness (t). Crosses between plants with these traits can be analyzed using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below.

Refer to the illustration above. The parents shown in the Punnett square could have offspring with a genotype ratio of ____________________.

Refer to the illustration above. The phenotype of the plant that would be represented in box “4” of the Punnett square would be ____________________.

A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits is a(n) ____________________ cross.