Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. |
| 1. | Which of the following is not a characteristic of at least some mollusks? a. | a pseudocoelomate body plan | b. | bilateral symmetry | c. | a mantle | d. | an open circulatory system |
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| 2. | Which of the following has a true coelom? a. | flatworm | c. | rotifer | b. | roundworm | d. | mollusk |
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| 3. | The evolution of a coelom was significant because a. | more food could be stored within it. | b. | more wastes could be stored before excretion. | c. | it enabled development of more complex organ systems. | d. | it eliminated the need for a circulatory system. |
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| 4. | mollusks : a mantle :: a. | pseudocoelomate animals : true body cavities | b. | roundworms : single-opening digestive tract | c. | roundworms : coelom | d. | mollusks : a coelom |
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| 5. | The cilia of a trochophore a. | allow attachment to the ocean bottom. | b. | create currents for drawing in food. | c. | cover the entire larval body. | d. | are necessary for reproduction. |
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| 6. | Trochophores a. | occur in some mollusks’ life cycles. | b. | possess a belt of cilia around their bodies. | c. | occur in some annelids’ life cycles. | d. | All of the above |
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| 7. | A characteristic structure found in many mollusks is the radula, which is involved in a. | jet propulsion. | c. | eating. | b. | opening and closing of the shell. | d. | reproduction. |
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| 8. | Which of the following is a correct pairing? a. | phylum Platyhelminthes—hydra | b. | phylum Nematoda—planaria | c. | phylum Mollusca—octopus | d. | phylum Annelida—roundworm |
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| 9. | All of the animal phyla that evolved after the mollusks a. | are vertebrates. | c. | have a coelom. | b. | are prokaryotes. | d. | lack mesoderm. |
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| 10. | All of the following are classes of the phylum Mollusca except a. | bivalves. | c. | gastropods. | b. | cephalopods. | d. | pseudopods. |
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| 11. | Which of the following mollusks have a closed circulatory system? a. | snails | c. | slugs | b. | cephalopods | d. | gastropods |
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| 12. | 
Refer to the illustration above. Which two organisms have mantles? a. | 1 and 3 | c. | 1 and 4 | b. | 2 and 3 | d. | 2 and 4 |
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| 13. | Jet propulsion is the usual means of locomotion in water for a. | octopuses. | c. | squids. | b. | gastropods. | d. | bivalves. |
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| 14. | Refer to the illustration above. This organism is a a. | bivalve. | c. | trochophore. | b. | cephalopod. | d. | gastropod. |
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| 15. | Refer to the illustration above. Movement of this organism is dependent upon structure a. | 1. | c. | 3. | b. | 2. | d. | None of the above |
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| 16. | Shells of mollusks a. | may consist of one or more pieces. | b. | provide protection. | c. | allow for the attachment of muscles. | d. | All of the above |
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| 17. | Adductor muscles are responsible for a. | moving the valves of bivalves. | b. | extending the feet of mollusks. | c. | pumping the hearts of mollusks. | d. | fanning the gills of aquatic mollusks. |
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| 18. | In an open circulatory system, a. | water is drawn into the mantle cavity to provide oxygen to body tissues. | b. | lungs branch into small tubules to provide oxygen to tissues. | c. | wastes are eliminated directly to the environment from the tissues. | d. | blood is released directly into spaces in the body tissues. |
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| 19. | Twisting of the visceral mass of gastropods is called a. | extension. | c. | torsion. | b. | inversion. | d. | conversion. |
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| 20. | Among the various species of gastropods, respiration may take place a. | with gills. | b. | through the skin. | c. | within the mantle cavity. | d. | All of the above |
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| 21. | All of the cephalopods a. | have eight tentacles. | b. | are predators. | c. | possess protective shells. | d. | are filter feeders. |
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| 22. | Jet propulsion in a squid is the result of a. | rapid closing of the organism’s shell. | b. | strong contractions of the tentacles. | c. | high-pressure discharge of fluid from the organism’s mouth. | d. | the pumping of water through the siphon. |
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| 23. | The only cephalopod that has retained its external shell is the a. | cuttlefish. | c. | octopus. | b. | chambered nautilus. | d. | squid. |
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| 24. | Segmented worms are known as a. | nematodes. | c. | planarians. | b. | annelids. | d. | arthropods. |
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| 25. | Each segment of an annelid a. | is capable of reproduction. | b. | has a well-developed brain that allows the annelid to learn simple tasks. | c. | has a pseudocoelom. | d. | may contain some organ systems that duplicate systems in other segments. |
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| 26. | An example of segmentation in humans is the a. | digestive system. | c. | vertebral column. | b. | skin. | d. | brain. |
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| 27. | The most significant evolutionary advancement of annelids over mollusks is believed to be a. | the ability to burrow. | c. | segmentation. | b. | the existence of a true coelom. | d. | cephalization. |
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| 28. | 
Refer to the illustration above. Which two organisms have segmented body plans? a. | 3 and 4 | c. | 1 and 4 | b. | 2 and 4 | d. | 2 and 3 |
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| 29. | true coelom : mollusks and annelids :: a. | tentacle : annelids | c. | valve : annelids | b. | siphon : annelids | d. | segmentation : annelids |
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| 30. | Coordinated movements of an earthworm’s body segments are possible because of the a. | development of an advanced brain. | b. | ventral nerve cord and ganglia that carry impulses to the muscles. | c. | presence of a true coelom in the earthworm’s body. | d. | existence of a complete digestive system. |
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| 31. | earthworm movement : circular muscles and setae :: a. | earthworm digestion : circular muscles and setae | b. | earthworm digestion : seminal receptacles | c. | earthworm reproduction : pharynx | d. | earthworm respiration : skin |
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| 32. | Small tubules that collect wastes from the coelom of annelids and discharge the wastes from the body are called a. | nephridia. | c. | bivalves. | b. | radulae. | d. | spicules. |
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| 33. | The digestive tube of the earthworm is divided into three regions. Which of the following is not among these regions? a. | crop | c. | radula | b. | intestine | d. | gizzard |
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| 34. | Which of the following is (are) not part of an earthworm’s body? a. | a heart | c. | nephridia | b. | gills | d. | a typhlosole |
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| 35. | The clitellum of an earthworm a. | contains the heart. | b. | is associated with reproduction. | c. | acts as a primitive respiratory system. | d. | is necessary for movement. |
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| 36. | Earthworms are considered to be beneficial to the environment because a. | they help release nutrients into the soil. | b. | they aerate the soil as they move through it. | c. | they break up the soil in which they live. | d. | All of the above |
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| 37. | squid motion : siphon :: a. | annelid motion : siphon | b. | annelid breathing : nephridia | c. | earthworm circulation : closed circulatory system | d. | annelid motion : tentacles |
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| 38. | The body of the water leech a. | has suckers on the front and back. | c. | is segmented. | b. | has no parapodia. | d. | All of the above |
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| 39. | Leeches a. | use suckers to aid in movement. | c. | are segmented. | b. | may be parasitic. | d. | All of the above |
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| 40. | leeches : blood :: a. | earthworms : small animals | b. | earthworms : blood | c. | marine polychaetes : small animals | d. | marine polychaetes : blood |
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Completion Complete each statement. |
| 41. | The ____________________ larva is a characteristic of some mollusks and annelids. |
| 42. | Constant beating of ____________________ in the mantle cavity of a clam causes a continuous stream of water to pass over the gills. |
| 43. | A tonguelike scraping organ used by some mollusks in feeding is called the ____________________. |
| 44. | An organ known as the ____________________ is an abrasive, tonguelike structure found in some mollusks. |
| 45. | A snail can pull its head into its mantle cavity because the cavity has moved to the anterior of the animal during a twisting process called ____________________ that occurs during development. |
| 46. | Water is drawn into the body of a clam through tubes called ____________________. |
| 47. | A bivalve’s shells close when the pair of ____________________ contract. |
| 48. | Structures in earthworms that function as simple kidneys are called ____________________. |
| 49. | The only living cephalopod that has retained its external shell is the _________________________. |
| 50. | Snails and slugs belong to the class of mollusks called ____________________. |
| 51. | Earthworms belong to the phylum ____________________. |
| 52. | 
Refer to the illustration above. Structure X is the ventral ____________________ cord. |
| 53. | In anterior segments of annelids, several ganglia are fused to form the ____________________, which is the brain of these organisms. |
| 54. | An earthworm’s ____________________ produces a tube made of mucus and chitin that contains the eggs and sperm and allows development of an earthworm’s offspring. |
| 55. | Bristles that exist along the sides of an annelid are called ____________________. |
| 56. | Some leeches are ____________________; they feed on the blood of other animals. |
| 57. | The ____________________ are annelids that have many setae and parapodia, generally live in marine environments, and have antennae. |