Category: Study Guides

Arthropod Study Guide

Arthropod Study Guide

Know the class & phylum for each of these arthropods:

  • horseshoe crab
  • crayfish
  • tarantula
  • barnacle
  • scorpion
  • butterfly
  • Daphnia
  • millipede
  • centipede
  • pillbug

Be able to tell the habitat (marine, freshwater, or terrestrial) each of these arthropods would be found:

  • shrimp
  • pillbug
  • horseshoe crab
  • centipede
  • crayfish
  • honeybee
  • trilobite
  • crab

List the 3 main characteristics of all arthropods

List the steps in complete metamorphosis & name insects that use this method.

Know the main characteristic of all mandibulates.

Know the main characteristic of all chelicerates.

Be able to recognize pictures of:

  • grasshopper
  • barnacle
  • millipede
  • centipede
  • scorpion
  • pillbug
  • trilobite
  • crayfish
  • tarantula
  • horseshoe crab

Be able to tell which arthropod fits the following characteristics:

  • marine with chelicerae or fangs
  • live in damp soil & can roll into ball for protection
  • 6 legs and head, thorax, & abdomen
  • 8 legs & eats insects
  • extinct 
  • lives in limestone case 7 attached to rocks
  • predator with poison stinger on abdomen
  • scavenger with 4 legs per body segment

Bacteria

Bacteria & Virus Study Guide

1. What were the earliest known living organisms?

2. Name 3 ways bacteria can be classified.

 

3. Name two structures found around the outside of ALL bacterial cells.

4. What is the shape of these bacteria — coccus, spirilla, & bacillus?

5. What is the only non-membrane bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of bacteria?

6. Bacteria have how many chromosomes?

7. Other than the cell membrane, name one thing that bacteria and eukaryotes have in common.

8. What is a pathogen?

9. Name 3 places where archaea can be found.

10. Viruses are only active when?

11. What can some bacteria form to survive harsh environmental conditions?

12. What two things make up a virus?

13. What color do Gram + bacteria stain?  Gram -?

14. Why are bacteria considered prokaryotes?

15. Give 3 reasons bacteria are considered nonliving.

 

16. What is the protective protein coat of a virus called?

17. Name 3 things used to classify viruses.

 

18. Do viruses have cellular parts?

19. Which are smaller, a bacterial cell or A VIRUS?

20. Can viruses be crystallized for study?

21. What virus did Wendell Stanley study & what plant did it attack?

22. What makes up the coat of a virus?

23. What makes up the core of a virus?

24. If viruses are too small to be seen with a light microscope, why did early scientists begin to study them?

25. What do you call viruses with the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

26. What makes up a viroid?

27. Describe the chromosome of a bacterial cell.

28. When a bacteriophage attacks a bacterium, what is injected into the cell? what remains outside the cell?

29. In what life cycle does viral DNA become integrated into the host cell’s DNA?

30.What human activity is responsible for the outbreak of many new viruses?

31. Viruses know which host cell to attack because of ___________ on the surface of the host cell.

32. Did viruses appear before or after living cells?

33. What structures are used by some bacteria for movement?

34. List a variety of conditions in which bacteria can live.

 

35. What are prions made of?


Bacteria & Virus Study Guide B1

 

 

Bacteria & Virus Study Guide

What color do Gram + bacteria stain?   Gram-?

How do bacterial cells differ from other types of cells?

How are chickenpox & shingles alike?

Why do people get the flu more than once?

What scientist discovered that viruses aren’t cellular?

Name several things used to classify viruses.

What are the 3 shapes for bacteria & give the name for each shape?

Can bacteria survive without oxygen? with oxygen?

How does the size of bacterial cells compare to the size of eukaryotic cells?

If a virus enters the Lysogenic cycle, can it change to the lytic cycle? Explain.

What 2 things make up a virus?

Why don’t antibiotics kill some bacteria?

What is necessary for a virus to reproduce?

Are viruses cellular?

Which bacteria are least responsive to antibiotics — Gram+ or Gram-?

What are prions?

What is a capsid?

How does forming an endospore help bacteria?

Describe the DNA of a bacterium.

What are pili?

What whiplike projections do some bacteria for movement use?

What occurs during conjugation?

What are retroviruses & what enzyme do they contain?

What is a viroid?

A protein coat & a nucleic acid core make up what typical structure?

In what cycle(s) does viral DNA get injected into host cells?

Is the Ebola virus linked to cancer?

Where would you find RNA in retroviruses?

 
Notes Study Guides

 

Ap Unit 6 Heredity Study Guide

 

 

Unit 5    Molecular Genetics  Study Guide 

 

ü     Be able to describe & explain the experiments of the following scientists:
Frederick Griffith
Erwin Chargraff
Alfred Hershey
Martha Chase
Watson & Crick
Meselson & Stahl
Beadle & Tatum
“Dolly” experiment

ü     Know how DNA replicates including steps & the enzymes involved, energy required, nucleotides, leading & lagging strands, proofreading

ü     Be able to describe the ultrastructure of each component of the DNA & RNA molecules

ü     Know the steps of transcription, enzymes involved, etc

ü     Know the steps of translation, enzymes involved, etc.

ü     Be able to describe the structure & function of free and bound ribosomes

ü     Know the processing steps of newly made mRNA

ü     Know the types of mutations and their effects

ü     Know viral structure, reproduction, host recognition, viral genome, etc

ü     Be able to describe the prokaryotic genome, mechanisms for genetic recombination, & defenses against phages

ü     Differentiate between hetero- & euchromatin

ü     Know the function and use of restriction enzymes

ü     Be able to describe genomic differentiation

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AP Unit 2 Cell Study Guide

Unit 2    Cells Study Guide

How do bacterial cells differ from animal cells?
Cells that make proteins would have a large number of ________?
What protein makes up the cytoskeleton & gives a cell its shape?
How do phospholipids in the cell membrane move?
If a body cell had 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would be in the gamete?
If chromosomes have the same genes in the same location & the same banding pattern, they are said to be ___?
What chemical in animal cell membranes maintains their fluid nature?
Facilitated diffusion & active transport both require what molecules in cell membranes?
Name the 3 stages of cell signaling.
How does a sexual life cycle increase genetic variation?
What organelle converts light energy into chemical energy?
What will happens to the chromosomes in a cell that passes the restriction checkpoint?
What type of scope is needed to study the internal structure of a cell?
Does the cytoskeleton limit cell size?
Describe the signal-transduction pathway in animals.
What type of cells do not reproduce more cells by mitosis & cytokinesis?
Is diffusion active or passive transport?
How can you determine if a cell is in an isotonic solution?
What organelle makes lipids?
What is the function of these cell structures — mitochondrion, chloroplast, ribosome, lysosome, cell wall, & chromosomes?
How does CO2 move into a cell?
Name the parts of the cytoskeleton.
What cell organelles have two membranes?
What is active transport?
How does potassium move into & out of a cell?
How does one rotting piece of fruit affect the ripening of others?
Name all structures in a cell responsible for movement.
In what organisms is cell signaling less important?
If a cell has 92 chromosomes at the start of mitosis, how many will be in the daughter cells?
Describe paracrine signaling.
When do tetrads from in a cell?
What is the function of tyrosine-kinase receptors?
At what point are chromatids attached to each other?
What is the function of glycolipids & glycoproteins in animal cell membranes?
How does telophase of mitosis differ in plant & animal cells?
When the signal molecule changes the protein receptor, what process begins?
What is membrane potential?
What effect would calcium deficiency have on a plant?
Besides the nucleus, where else can DNA be found in a cell?
Do plant cells have mitochondria? Why or why not?
Which proteins in the cell membrane function in active transport?
Why would bacterial cells not be capable of phagocytosis?
Why are eukaryotic cells larger than prokaryotic cells?
What is the purpose of cell fractionation?
Through what type of junctions do ions travel between cells?
How can you determine if a karyotype is from a male or female?
How do genetic differences in clones occur?
If the spindle can not form, at what stage will mitosis no longer proceed?
What will be true of cells that undergo mitosis but not cytokinesis?
What cellular structure helps form the cleavage furrow in animal cells?
How do receptor proteins in a membrane act like enzymes?
What occurs during prophase of mitosis?
By what process do large solids move into a cell?
Does the movement of oxygen & carbon dioxide across cell membranes require energy?
Describe the interior of chloroplasts & mitochondria.
How is synaptic signaling different than hormone signaling?
What is a karyotype?
How do daughter & parent cells compare with each other?
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