| Nutritional Requirements of Animals |
| 1. |
Compare the bioenergetics of animals when energy balance is positive and when it is negative. |
| 2. |
Name the three nutrition needs that must be met by a nutritionally adequate diet. |
| 3. |
Distinguish among undernourishment, overnourishment, and malnourishment. |
| 4. |
Explain why fat hoarding may have provided a fitness advantage to our hunter-gatherer ancestors. |
| 5. |
Explain the role of leptin in the regulation of fat storage and use. |
| 6. |
Define essential nutrients and describe the four classes of essential nutrients. |
| 7. |
Distinguish between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. |
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Overview of Food Processing |
| 8. |
Define and compare the four main stages of food processing. |
| 9. |
Compare intracellular and extracellular digestion. |
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The Mammalian Digestive System |
| 10. |
Describe the common processes and structural components of the mammalian digestive system. |
| 11. |
Name three functions of saliva. |
| 12. |
Compare where and how the major types of macromolecules are digested and absorbed within the mammalian digestive system. |
| 13. |
Explain why pepsin does not digest the stomach lining.Explain how the small intestine is specialized for digestion and absorption. |
| 14. |
Explain how the small intestine is specialized for digestion and absorption. |
| 15. |
Describe the major functions of the large intestine. |
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Evolutionary Adaptations of Vertebrate Digestive Systems |
| 16. |
Relate variations in dentition and length of the digestive system to the feeding strategies and diets of herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. |
| 17. |
Describe the roles of symbiotic microorganisms in vertebrate digestion. |
