Category: Curriculum Map

DNA Quiz

DNA QUIZ QUESTIONS


1. What is the general name for chemicals like DNA and RNA
2. What general shape does the DNA molecule have?
3. List 4 differences between RNA and DNA
4. Describe the function of the mRNA in Protein Synthesis
5. What is the definition of a codon
6. What is the definition of an anti-codon
7. How many amino acids will result from the following strand of DNA?
A C G C C C A A A T A C
8. Name the two stages that make up protein synthesis
9. Where in the cell does replication take place?
10. Describe the function of the tRNA in Protein Synthesis?
11. Describe briefly the events that occur during transcription?
12. Name 2 common environmental mutagens
13. Describe briefly the events that occur during translation?
14. What is the definition of     a) translation       b) transcription
16. Define complementary base pairing and give an example?
17. Describe the function of the ribosome during protein synthesis
18. From a given strand of DNA. Show the results of Transcription or Replication
19. Make a drawing of DNA or RNA nucleotide and label the parts
20. Give 2 examples of     a) purines          b) pyrimidines
21. Name the 4 bases that make up DNA or RNA molecules
22. Describe how an environmental mutagen could cause a mutation
23. Describe briefly the events that occur during replication?
24. List 3 functions of DNA
25. Describe the function of the DNA in Protein Synthesis
26. What is the definition of a chromosomal mutation
27. What is the definition of a gene mutation
28. If the Nucleic acids are like ladders: What chemicals form the backbone of DNA or RNA molecules?
29. If the Nucleic acids are like ladders: What chemicals form the rungs of DNA or RNA molecule?
30. Briefly describe what occurs during Protein synthesis 

31. What is recombinanant DNA. Give two uses of recombinant DNA

 

DNA SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Describe 2 differences between the following pairs of terms
a. codon and anti codon                  b. replication and transcription              c. RNA and DNA  

d. transcription and translation          e. chromosomal and gene mutation       f. mRNA and tRNA           

g. purine and pyrimidine                    h. complementary base pairing and joining of adjacent nucleotides
2. Describe complementary base pairing. Show an example. 

3. Explain the roles/function of the following during Protein Synthesis:
a. DNA in the nucleus       b. Transfer RNA (tRNA)            c. Messenger RNA (mRNA)             d. Ribosome
4. Name 2 environmental mutagens and describe how they could cause a mutation in an organism 

5. Explain the process of DNA replication 

6. Make a drawing of an RNA or DNA nucleotide and label the parts 

7. Compare DNA and RNA with respect to the following things:
a. shape         b. chemical makeup         c. function         d. abundance in the cell

8. Explain the process of translation

9. Explain the process of transcription

10. Describe in sequence, the process of protein synthesis. Include in your answer the names of the various steps, the organelles involved, and the names of the major molecules.

11. Describe how radiation or another such substance could cause mutations to occur. 

12. From a given strand of DNA be able to determine the sequence of mRNA codons, and the amino acid strand produced.

Effect of Detergent on Gelatin

 

“How Good Is Your Enzymatic Detergent?

 

Introduction:
In nature there are enzymes called proteases that “digest” or degrade proteins. Some of these enzymes have been genetically engineered and added to our laundry detergents in the hope that they will “digest” the protein off of our clothing. Do they work? Do they assist in cleaning? In this experiment you can compare different detergents and their ability to “digest” protein.
What is gelatin? Gelatin consists of protein chains that are easily digested into their amino acid components. Gelatin is prepared from collagen, a protein found in animal tendons and skin and taken out during the meat rendering process. Boiling collagen reduces the  weight by about one-third and separates the protein strands by breaking bonds. When the boiled collagen is cooled, it does not revert back to collagen but sets to a gel we know as gelatin.

Purpose :
To test the effectiveness  of laundry detergent brands (and their enzymes) to digest protein (in the form of gelatin)

Prelab

Hypothesis:   ____________ will decompose more gelatin in millimeters than ______________.

Materials:
Gelatin in 4 test tubes  Wax Pencil/ Permanent marker
3 detergent brands
Distilled water
Test tube rack
Parafilm®
Ruler

Procedure:
Day 1
1. Pour 5 ml of melted gelatin into 4 test tubes. Let the gelatin solidify.
2. Make 10% solutions of the five non-liquid detergents selected for testing. (Mix 10 g of detergent in 90 mL of distilled water). Label the solutions carefully and note whether enzymes are listed as a component of each.
3. Mark the top level of the gelatin with a permanent marker. Add 15 drops of each detergent solution to the top surface of the hardened gelatin in a test
tube. To one tube add 15 drops of distilled water. Label carefully.
Day 2
4. After 24 hours examine the test tubes. Notice that the gelatin has been liquefied in some tubes.  Use a ruler to measure the depth of the liquefication. Measure from the mark where the hardened gelatin started down to where it is still hard. Measure to the nearest mm. Record.
Day 3
5. Measure the depth of liquefication again after 48 hours.

Data   1 data table, 1 graph (time vs. mm. liquefied)

Enzymes listed? Liquefied After 24 hours (mm.) Liquefied After 48 hours (mm.)
Distilled Water
Detergent 1 ?
Detergent 2 ?
Detergent 3 ?

 

Conclusion:

1. What is the job of enzymes?

 

2. Why do laundry detergents often contain enzymes?

 

3. Why was gelatin used in this lab?

 

4. How is gelatin made?

 

5.  Name each of the laundry detergents you used and describe the effect each one had on the gelatin.

 

 

 

6.  Did any of the laundry detergents contain enzymes? If so, which one(s)?

 

7. Was your original hypothesis correct? Explain.

 

 

Edible Cell Instructions

 

Edible Cells!

 

Construct a 3 dimensional, edible, eukaryotic cell that includes the following structures:
* cell membrane
*nucleus
*nucleolus
*chromatin
*rough ER
*smooth ER
*free ribosomes
*mitochondria
*lysosome
*Golgi bodies
*storage vacuole or vesicle

Make sure you use sanitary conditions when constructing your cell because we will eat them in class!

Include a key to your model and a short paper explaining the function of each cellular part.

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DNA Technology

 

DNA Technology

 

Section 13-1

1. What is genetic engineering?

2. Give 2 ways it can be used.

3. What is the technology used in genetic engineering called?

4. What are some ways we are using DNA technology?

5. What are restriction enzymes?

6. When restriction enzymes cut DNA _____________________ ends are created.

7. What is a cloning vector?

8. Define plasmid & tell how they’re used in genetic engineering.

9. The gene for the protein ________________________ is made using bacterial plasmids.

10. What is the first step in genetically engineering insulin from bacterial cells?

11. What is a genomic library?

12. What is recombinant DNA?

13. A plasmid containing recombinant DNA is inserted into a host ____________called a _________________ organism.

14. Transgenic bacterium are placed in a _________________ where they reproduce and make large amounts of _____________.

 

Section 13-2 DNA Technology Techniques

 

15. What is a DNA fingerprint & how can they be used?

16. What is the method called that is used to make a DNA fingerprint?

17. Briefly describe the RFLP analysis method.

18. What is gel electrophoresis?

19. What causes DNA segments to separate during gel electrophoresis?

20. How accurate are DNA fingerprints & why?

21. If only a tiny amount of DNA is available for analysis, what process must be used & why?

22. With the PCR method, the amount of DNA _________________ every 5 minutes.

23. Give 3 situations in which PCR is useful.

24. What is the Human Genome Project?

25. Define gene therapy and name several diseases it may be used to treat.

 

Section 13-3 Uses of DNA Technology

 

26. Name 3 medicines produced by DNA technology.

27. Genetically engineered _________________________ are being produced to treat viral diseases.

28. Name several crops or plants that have had their yields increased due to genetic engineering.

29. _______________________ are applied to crops so plants will get enough nitrogen.

30. How are genetic engineers working to solve the problem of expensive fertilizers for crops?

31. What are some concerns about genetically engineered foods?

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Elements in Living Things

 

Elements in Living Things

 

 

Use the following Interactive Periodic Table to determine the physical and chemical properties of the most common elements found in organisms.

http://www.webelements.com/

 

Carbohydrates – C H O          Lipids – C H O

Proteins – CHON S     Nucleic Acids – CHON P

Common Minerals – Fe, I, Zn, Na, K, Ca

 

 
CARBON

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 HYDROGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 
OXYGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 NITROGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
SULFUR

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 POTASSIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
IRON

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 ZINC

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
IODINE

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 CALCIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
SODIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 POTASSIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

Now write the symbol for each element in the proper place on the periodic table.