Category: Curriculum Map

DNA Quiz

DNA QUIZ QUESTIONS


1. What is the general name for chemicals like DNA and RNA
2. What general shape does the DNA molecule have?
3. List 4 differences between RNA and DNA
4. Describe the function of the mRNA in Protein Synthesis
5. What is the definition of a codon
6. What is the definition of an anti-codon
7. How many amino acids will result from the following strand of DNA?
A C G C C C A A A T A C
8. Name the two stages that make up protein synthesis
9. Where in the cell does replication take place?
10. Describe the function of the tRNA in Protein Synthesis?
11. Describe briefly the events that occur during transcription?
12. Name 2 common environmental mutagens
13. Describe briefly the events that occur during translation?
14. What is the definition of     a) translation       b) transcription
16. Define complementary base pairing and give an example?
17. Describe the function of the ribosome during protein synthesis
18. From a given strand of DNA. Show the results of Transcription or Replication
19. Make a drawing of DNA or RNA nucleotide and label the parts
20. Give 2 examples of     a) purines          b) pyrimidines
21. Name the 4 bases that make up DNA or RNA molecules
22. Describe how an environmental mutagen could cause a mutation
23. Describe briefly the events that occur during replication?
24. List 3 functions of DNA
25. Describe the function of the DNA in Protein Synthesis
26. What is the definition of a chromosomal mutation
27. What is the definition of a gene mutation
28. If the Nucleic acids are like ladders: What chemicals form the backbone of DNA or RNA molecules?
29. If the Nucleic acids are like ladders: What chemicals form the rungs of DNA or RNA molecule?
30. Briefly describe what occurs during Protein synthesis 

31. What is recombinanant DNA. Give two uses of recombinant DNA

 

DNA SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Describe 2 differences between the following pairs of terms
a. codon and anti codon                  b. replication and transcription              c. RNA and DNA  

d. transcription and translation          e. chromosomal and gene mutation       f. mRNA and tRNA           

g. purine and pyrimidine                    h. complementary base pairing and joining of adjacent nucleotides
2. Describe complementary base pairing. Show an example. 

3. Explain the roles/function of the following during Protein Synthesis:
a. DNA in the nucleus       b. Transfer RNA (tRNA)            c. Messenger RNA (mRNA)             d. Ribosome
4. Name 2 environmental mutagens and describe how they could cause a mutation in an organism 

5. Explain the process of DNA replication 

6. Make a drawing of an RNA or DNA nucleotide and label the parts 

7. Compare DNA and RNA with respect to the following things:
a. shape         b. chemical makeup         c. function         d. abundance in the cell

8. Explain the process of translation

9. Explain the process of transcription

10. Describe in sequence, the process of protein synthesis. Include in your answer the names of the various steps, the organelles involved, and the names of the major molecules.

11. Describe how radiation or another such substance could cause mutations to occur. 

12. From a given strand of DNA be able to determine the sequence of mRNA codons, and the amino acid strand produced.

Elements in Living Things

 

Elements in Living Things

 

 

Use the following Interactive Periodic Table to determine the physical and chemical properties of the most common elements found in organisms.

http://www.webelements.com/

 

Carbohydrates – C H O          Lipids – C H O

Proteins – CHON S     Nucleic Acids – CHON P

Common Minerals – Fe, I, Zn, Na, K, Ca

 

 
CARBON

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 HYDROGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 
OXYGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 NITROGEN

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
SULFUR

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 POTASSIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
IRON

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 ZINC

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
IODINE

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 CALCIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 
SODIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

 POTASSIUM

Family ______________   Period ___________________

Atomic # ___________    Atomic Mass ____________

Biological Role:

 

 

 

Amount of C in your body ___________________

Hazards & Risks:

 

 

 

 

Now write the symbol for each element in the proper place on the periodic table.

 

 

 

 

 

 

DNA Technology

 

DNA Technology

 

Section 13-1

1. What is genetic engineering?

2. Give 2 ways it can be used.

3. What is the technology used in genetic engineering called?

4. What are some ways we are using DNA technology?

5. What are restriction enzymes?

6. When restriction enzymes cut DNA _____________________ ends are created.

7. What is a cloning vector?

8. Define plasmid & tell how they’re used in genetic engineering.

9. The gene for the protein ________________________ is made using bacterial plasmids.

10. What is the first step in genetically engineering insulin from bacterial cells?

11. What is a genomic library?

12. What is recombinant DNA?

13. A plasmid containing recombinant DNA is inserted into a host ____________called a _________________ organism.

14. Transgenic bacterium are placed in a _________________ where they reproduce and make large amounts of _____________.

 

Section 13-2 DNA Technology Techniques

 

15. What is a DNA fingerprint & how can they be used?

16. What is the method called that is used to make a DNA fingerprint?

17. Briefly describe the RFLP analysis method.

18. What is gel electrophoresis?

19. What causes DNA segments to separate during gel electrophoresis?

20. How accurate are DNA fingerprints & why?

21. If only a tiny amount of DNA is available for analysis, what process must be used & why?

22. With the PCR method, the amount of DNA _________________ every 5 minutes.

23. Give 3 situations in which PCR is useful.

24. What is the Human Genome Project?

25. Define gene therapy and name several diseases it may be used to treat.

 

Section 13-3 Uses of DNA Technology

 

26. Name 3 medicines produced by DNA technology.

27. Genetically engineered _________________________ are being produced to treat viral diseases.

28. Name several crops or plants that have had their yields increased due to genetic engineering.

29. _______________________ are applied to crops so plants will get enough nitrogen.

30. How are genetic engineers working to solve the problem of expensive fertilizers for crops?

31. What are some concerns about genetically engineered foods?

BACK

 

Energy in Food Writeup

Energy in Food Write Up

Introduction:

Use your lab and your textbook to locate and include the following information in your introduction.

  • What organisms are capable of making their own food?
  • What process do they use to do this?
  • Where do these organisms get their energy for food-making?
  • This energy is captured with the help of what pigment?
  • This energy is stored in what organic molecules?
  • Where exactly in the organic molecules is the energy stored and so it can be used again later? (Hint: Energized electrons form these and then energy is released again when they are broken.)
  • What process takes place in plants & animals to release energy?
  • What gas is required for the process to occur?
  • When foods are “burned” in our bodies, where is the energy being released from? Where did this energy originally come from?
  • What is the usable form of energy for our cells?
  • Define calorimetry and explain how it can be used to measure energy stored in chemical bonds of food.

Hypothesis:

  • Write a statement explaining that calorimetry can be used to detect the amount of energy stored in the chemical bonds of foods.

Materials:

In sentence form, write a statement listing the materials required for this lab.

Procedure:

  • In paragraph form, write the procedures for completing this lab.

Results:

  • Draw and fill in table 1 showing the results of burning
  • Draw and fill in table 2 showing your data analysis for nut calorimetry
  • Write out and answer the questions on the lab. Remember to write and underline the question, but do NOT underline the answer.

Conclusion: (Write in paragraph form.)

  • Restate your hypothesis.
  • Tell how were you able to measure the amount of energy in each nut
  • Did all three nuts contain the same amount of food energy? Explain by giving data from your experiment..
  • Explain why some foods contained more energy than others
  • Tell where this energy originally come from and how it got into the nuts
  • Explain any errors you might have made in lab that could have affected your results

DNA History

 

History of DNA WebQuest

 

1.     Friedrich (Fritz) Miescher

http://www.dnai.org/timeline/index.html

Find Miescher on the timeline and click on the bucket with the Red Cross to watch the animation.  In 1869, he extracted a substance from white blood cells that he called nuclein.  What do you think he was actually extracting?

 

 

2.     Frederick Griffith

  http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/Bio104/dna.htm

 

Frederick Griffith’s famous experiment was conducted in 1928.  In his experiment, ______________ smooth virulent bacteria plus live rough ______________ bacteria killed mice.  His experiment demonstrated that DNA was the _______________ material.

 

Griffith’s Famous Experiment: Transformation

 

 

 

3.     Oswald Avery

http://library.thinkquest.org/20465/avery.html

In 1944, what did he discover that DNA is responsible for?

 

 

 

 

 

4.     Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/H/Hershey_Chase.html

 

a.      In 1952, their experiments showed that ______ is the genetic material instead of ____________.

 

 

5.     Erwin Chargaff

http://www.dnai.org/timeline/index.html

Watch “Chargaff’s Ratios.”  Chargaff used relative proportions of bases in DNA to come up with his rules for base pairing.  What are four sources of DNA that he used?

 

http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/gene/chargaff.htm

Adenine (A) pairs with _____________

Guanine (G) pairs with _____________

The bases that are purines include ___________ & ____________.

The bases that are pyrimidines include ___________ & ______________.

 

 

6.     Rosalind Franklin.

http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/BC/Rosalind_Franklin.php

 

http://www.dnai.org/timeline/index.html – Watch Franklin’s X-ray diffraction pattern

 

What is X-ray crystallography (a.k.a. X-ray diffraction)?

 

 

What did she discover about the shape of DNA?

 

7.     Linus Pauling

http://www.dnai.org/timeline/index.html – Watch the animation.

Linus Pauling proposed a structure for DNA that was incorrect.  Describe or draw it below:

 

 

 

 

8.     Maurice Wilkins

http://www.nzedge.com/heroes/wilkins.html

His research, with the help from ________________, led to the discovery of the DNA molecule structure.  This discovery was made by American biologist, ________________, and British physicist, ________________.

 

9.     James Watson and Francis Crick.

http://www.dnai.org/timeline/index.html

 

a.      What did they receive the Nobel Prize for in 1962?

 

b.     What is the difference between Pauling’s structure and the actual structure of DNA?

 

 

10. DNA Game

    http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/dna_double_helix/

    Play the game and record what three organisms you had:

1.

2.

3.