Tag: study guides

Cell Division Study Guide BI

Cell Division Study Guide

What molecule contains the information needed to direct all the activities of a cell?
Where in a cell are prokaryotic chromosomes found? eukaryotic chromosomes?
A human somatic cell contains how many homologous chromosomes?
How many chromosomes are in an human egg cell? sperm cell?
What is a karyotype?
Are gametes diploid or haploid?
Zygotes will have what chromosome number?
Does cell division in bacteria take place in the same way as it does in eukaryotes? Explain.
In what stage do cells spend most of their life cycle?
Is mitosis asexual or sexual reproduction?
A new nuclear envelope develops during cell division in what stage?
In what stage do chromatids separate from each other?
How does the number of chromosomes in newly divided cells compare with the number of chromosomes in the original cell?
During what type of cell division do haploid cells develop from diploid cells?
In order for DNA to fit into a cell, what must be done to compact it?
What is a centromere?
How many chromosomes are in a human skin cell? a human ovum?
Bacteria reproduce by a method known as _____________  ______________.
What is the shape of a bacterial chromosome?
Chromosomes are arranged along the equator of a cell during which stage of cell division?
Spindle fibers are made of ________________.
Be able to recognize sketches of the stages of mitosis.
What happens during cytokinesis in a plant cell?
Homologs separate during ________________.
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Birds & Mammals Study Guide BI

Birds & Mammals Study Guide

What replaces teeth in modern birds?
How many chambers are there in a bird’s heart? a mammal’s heart?
Name 2 vertebrate groups that lay amniote eggs?
Did all fossilized birds have beaks? Explain.
Do most terrestrial vertebrates use internal or external fertilization?
Which mammal group carries its young in a pouch?
What mammal order lives entirely in water?
What characteristic of retile, bird, & mammal skin allows them to live on land?
Give several uses for hair or fur in mammals.
Name 2 main characteristics of all mammals.
What determines the type of teeth a mammal will have?
What group of mammals are egg layers?
What is the purpose of the placenta?
List several ways that birds are different from reptiles.
What were the earliest flying vertebrates?
From what group did birds probably arise?
Besides amniote eggs & living on land, name another way reptiles & birds are alike?
What group of mammals remain inside the mother until they are completely developed?
What mammal group has forelimbs modified into flippers?
What type of teeth are found in deer?
Name 2 sirenians.
What mammal group is born immature & finishes developing in the mother’s pouch?
In what order are dogs found?
Give 2 uses for the sounds that bats make? Can humans hear these sounds?
Name 2 marsupial mammals.
Echidnas & duck billed platypus are what type of mammals?
What are monotremes?
What are placental mammals?
Feathers are modified __________.
Describe the bones of birds.
What is the purpose of the crop in birds?
Birds excrete their nitrogenous waste as ____________.
Why is a bird’s respiration so efficient?
What are talons & what is their function?
Do all songbirds produce songs? Explain.
Where is the diaphragm located in mammals? What is its purpose?
Give the function of the syrinx in birds.
Reptiles called therapsids gave rise to what vertebrate group?
What type of teeth would carnivorous mammals have?
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Biochemistry Study Guide BI

 

Biochemistry Study Guide
A molecule that has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other would be what type of molecule?
Give several reasons why water is so important to life.
Does a molecule of water have a charge? Explain.
Explain why water is a polar molecule.
What element do all organic compounds contain?
Name the 3 elements most often found in organic compounds.
What organic molecules are considered to be carbohydrates?
Animals store glucose in their liver in what form?
What type of macromolecule would polysaccharides be?
Amino acids are the monomers for what polymers??
Proteins are made of long chains of what molecules?
Sketch a fatty acid.
Sketch a molecule of glucose.
Give several examples of lipids.
Long carbon-hydrogen chains linked by double covalent bonds make up what type of fats?
Name the 4 main types of macromolecules found in living thins.
What are the monomers of nucleic acids called?
Name 2 nucleic acids.
Explain why water’s polarity makes it useful for living things.
If an atom has four outermost electrons, how many covalent bonds can it form?
What type of molecule has a carboxyl “head” and makes up cell membranes?
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Arthropod Study Guide

Arthropod Study Guide

Know the class & phylum for each of these arthropods:

  • horseshoe crab
  • crayfish
  • tarantula
  • barnacle
  • scorpion
  • butterfly
  • Daphnia
  • millipede
  • centipede
  • pillbug

Be able to tell the habitat (marine, freshwater, or terrestrial) each of these arthropods would be found:

  • shrimp
  • pillbug
  • horseshoe crab
  • centipede
  • crayfish
  • honeybee
  • trilobite
  • crab

List the 3 main characteristics of all arthropods

List the steps in complete metamorphosis & name insects that use this method.

Know the main characteristic of all mandibulates.

Know the main characteristic of all chelicerates.

Be able to recognize pictures of:

  • grasshopper
  • barnacle
  • millipede
  • centipede
  • scorpion
  • pillbug
  • trilobite
  • crayfish
  • tarantula
  • horseshoe crab

Be able to tell which arthropod fits the following characteristics:

  • marine with chelicerae or fangs
  • live in damp soil & can roll into ball for protection
  • 6 legs and head, thorax, & abdomen
  • 8 legs & eats insects
  • extinct 
  • lives in limestone case 7 attached to rocks
  • predator with poison stinger on abdomen
  • scavenger with 4 legs per body segment

Bacteria

Bacteria & Virus Study Guide

1. What were the earliest known living organisms?

2. Name 3 ways bacteria can be classified.

 

3. Name two structures found around the outside of ALL bacterial cells.

4. What is the shape of these bacteria — coccus, spirilla, & bacillus?

5. What is the only non-membrane bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of bacteria?

6. Bacteria have how many chromosomes?

7. Other than the cell membrane, name one thing that bacteria and eukaryotes have in common.

8. What is a pathogen?

9. Name 3 places where archaea can be found.

10. Viruses are only active when?

11. What can some bacteria form to survive harsh environmental conditions?

12. What two things make up a virus?

13. What color do Gram + bacteria stain?  Gram -?

14. Why are bacteria considered prokaryotes?

15. Give 3 reasons bacteria are considered nonliving.

 

16. What is the protective protein coat of a virus called?

17. Name 3 things used to classify viruses.

 

18. Do viruses have cellular parts?

19. Which are smaller, a bacterial cell or A VIRUS?

20. Can viruses be crystallized for study?

21. What virus did Wendell Stanley study & what plant did it attack?

22. What makes up the coat of a virus?

23. What makes up the core of a virus?

24. If viruses are too small to be seen with a light microscope, why did early scientists begin to study them?

25. What do you call viruses with the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

26. What makes up a viroid?

27. Describe the chromosome of a bacterial cell.

28. When a bacteriophage attacks a bacterium, what is injected into the cell? what remains outside the cell?

29. In what life cycle does viral DNA become integrated into the host cell’s DNA?

30.What human activity is responsible for the outbreak of many new viruses?

31. Viruses know which host cell to attack because of ___________ on the surface of the host cell.

32. Did viruses appear before or after living cells?

33. What structures are used by some bacteria for movement?

34. List a variety of conditions in which bacteria can live.

 

35. What are prions made of?